The key was to find the core fonts package first.
Yes, I see your point with using the terminal for doing the installation of packages, but you need to know what those packages are.
Also, if you use a package manager, or the Software Center, you can search for the packages and install them from there without needing to get the "spelling" of the package correct. Some people, like me, can have problems typing at times. My fingers do not always work correctly and I rely on my spell checker to catch things. So with a package manager or software center, you do no need to worry about typing in a command in the terminal correctly.
Then there are the differences with the desktop environments. For 12.04 I have used Unity, GNOME 3, and MATE for desktop environments. I prefer MATE. IT works more like the GNOME DE that in used by Ubuntu 10.04, better than the options in GNOME 3.
So once the OP knew that he could use a single package to install the "small core" of MS fonts, and then know what it is, it is up to the user to decide what if the easiest way to install it. When I search for a package, it is easier for me to install it with the package manager or the software center, instead of using that info and type the proper commands in the terminal.
IF I am given a terminal command where I can cut/paste [say from a web page or an email], then it can be easy for me to use the terminal option. cut/paste was how I "typed in" the commands to install MATE on my 12.04 laptop.
This link that was in a posting
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/precise/+package/ttf-mscorefonts-installer
was listed as the core fonts for the web.
This list has a few other fonts in their list of MS core fonts for the web.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_fonts_for_the_Web
This link shows which core fonts are on both MS systems and Mac systems.
http://web.nickshanks.com/fonts/microsoft-core-web-fonts
So that means that there many be more "core fonts" that MS Win7 uses that the user might want to install.
He seem to state that he did not want to do all the work to install all of the fonts he had in his font folder. Well as far as I an thinking, it is really easy to install a block of fonts. All you need to do is place them in a folder, highlight them like you we going to copy them to another folder, then just do a right-click and open them with the default font viewer. Then just click on the "install" button for each font. I is an easy way to get them installed properly in the .fonts hidden folder. At least it is the easiest way I found.
The real kicker is for the user, any user, to install the fonts that he/she needs for the work he/she need to do.
As stated before, by me and others, you can get free fonts that are very similar to the paid ones of a specific name. All you have to do is look. BUT, if that person is required to work with a specific font for an employer, or other person of authority, then they will have to see if they have those fonts somewhere that they can use for their Ubuntu/Linux work instead of Windows work.
When I take a laptop/desktop and replace the Windows OS that came with it, I copy the fonts that came with the system and then reinstall them when I have Ubuntu installed. That way, I use the fonts that came with the computer. Personally, I feel that if the laptop has the fonts installed, then those fonts can stay installed on the system no matter what the OS changes to.